Quick answer
An LFT measures liver enzymes (SGOT 5–40 U/L, SGPT 7–56 U/L, ALP 40–120 U/L), bilirubin (0.3–1.2 mg/dL) and proteins (albumin 3.5–5.0 g/dL). Raised SGPT is most often due to fatty liver; high bilirubin causes jaundice.
LFT parameters and normal values
| Parameter | Typical normal |
|---|---|
| Total bilirubin | 0.3–1.2 mg/dL |
| Direct bilirubin | 0–0.3 mg/dL |
| SGOT (AST) | 5–40 U/L |
| SGPT (ALT) | 7–56 U/L |
| Alkaline phosphatase | 40–120 U/L |
| Total protein | 6.0–8.3 g/dL |
| Albumin | 3.5–5.0 g/dL |
| A/G ratio | More than 1.0 |
Common causes of abnormal LFT
- Fatty liver (linked to obesity, diabetes, alcohol)
- Viral hepatitis (A, B, C, E)
- Alcohol-related liver disease
- Medicines and herbal supplements
- Gallstones and bile duct blockage
Frequently asked questions
Should I avoid alcohol before an LFT?
Yes. Avoid alcohol for at least 24 hours before the test.
Is a slightly high SGPT dangerous?
A mild rise is common and often due to fatty liver. Your doctor will decide whether further tests are needed.
Medical disclaimer: This information is for general awareness only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult a qualified doctor to interpret your results and before starting or changing any treatment.